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KASHMIR PAPIER MACHE
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VARIATIONS
The variation in Kashmiri Papier Mache is based on two different and distinct criteria:
1) Nature of Painting
2) Use of Gold or Silver.
Nature of Painting
The painting or naqashi is of two kinds:
• Raised or embossed (vathilavit) and
• Flat.
The embossed work, which is in the nature of high relief work, is done by forming the requisite ground by application of gacch (gypsum). Formerly white lead mixed with saresh was used for this purpose. The surface is then covered with colour; left to dry and trimmed with knife after which the final colour is applied. Chinar leaves , birds and butter flies are sometimes represented in this manner.
Use of Gold or Silver
In some case genuine gold or silver leafs are used over a large area. This work is known as sona kaam and rupa kaam respectively and greatly increases the price of a product. Sometimes bronze dust or gold poster colour is used in imitation of real gold to reduce the cost. In case large surface area is applied with a coat of duer (glue) and melted caramel sugar over which gold or if silver is leaf are stuck.
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Living Heritage 
